cGifhNyKyg ighwl
pwkef;ar;vfrSm igh vufzwifeif wpfa,mufeJY
NyóemwpfckMuKHcJh&w,f
tJh'D ar;vf taMumif;yg;pyfydwfxm;prf;yg
NyD;awmh olYukdwlvkdYrac:eJY olu rif;bk&if
a&mhbf odygw,f uGsefawmf olYukd rav;rpm;vkyfwm r[kwf..
igrif;bk&if r[kwfwm uHaumif;w,f
rif;trSm;awGukd atmifyGJcHtvHvkd
wpfvlvlvGifhaecGifh igay;rSmr[kwfbl;
uGsefawmfhtrSm;u wkdif0if;&JU acG;&l;ukd
uwfpwmvDa&mhcftxd olYaNcaxmufMum;rSm tNrD;eJYaNy;atmifvkyfwJh udpöyJ
wu,fvkdY olwpfa,mufwnf;om ppfyGJawGEkdifae&if
uGsefawmfwkdY 'DppfyGJukdEkdifrSmr[kwfbl;qkdwm bk&if a&mhbf em;vnfrSmyg
[ifhtif; *kPfqkdwm tvkHtavmuf&Sdygao;w,f
'g*kPfeJYrqkdifbl;
cifAsm;udk uGsefawmfay;cJhwJhtrdefYu olcifAsm;qDvmwJhtxdapmifhzkdY
igtcGifhta&;ukd&wkef;,lvkdufwmav
tJh'Dar;vfu b,favmufwefzkd;&SdvJ
awmifukd olYwpfzufurf;Nrpfbufu wyfpGJxm;w,f
oltck tJh'drSm&Sdao;vm;
b,f&SdrvJ igwkdY olYukdoGm;wkdufwmaygh
ol igwkdYukdr,SOfEkdifbl;
uGsefawmfu awmifukd taemufbufukd qGJac:,lcsifwm
uGsefawmfwkdYwkdif;NynfxJrSm 0dkdif;NyD; olYukdowfvkdY&r,fhae&m
olYudk uGsefawmfwkdYaemufukdvkdufapcsifwm
olvJvkdufrSmyJ olu acG;&l;yJ
olYacgif;rSm AsL[muswJh tawG;tac:r&Sdbl;
tckcsdefavmufqkd olYacgif;udkql;cGsefrSm csdwfxm;vkdY&avmufNyD
tckawmh uGsefawmf MudwfcGJpufwpfck&w,f
igwkdY "m;pmcHawGzrf;vmw,f
0Dvrf vefepfpwm rmwif vefepfpwm
0DvrfeJY rmwifvefepfpwmwkdYu 14 ESpfpD
rmwifu 15 xifw,f
wkdif0ifqDrSm uGsefawmfhnDrawG&Sdw,f
uGsefawmfNidrf;csrf;a&;,lvkdufvm;
[ifhtif;
uGsefawmfwkdYrSm olYtaz&JU tpfukd&JU
aNr;awG&Sdae&kHeJY
olYbufu Nidrf;csrf;a&;,lr,fxifvm;
[ifhtif;
cifAsm; vlb,fESpfa,mufqkH;&IH;cJhvJ
208.
'gayr,fh igwkdY qkH;&IH;cJhwJhvlwkdif;twGuf vefepfpwmawGu
uGsefawmfwkdYvlawGukd wkdif0if olYvlawGukdvkdwmxuf ykdvkdtyfw,f
igpdwfraumif;ygbl;
- rodcJhbl; - odcJhoifhw,f
cifAsm;om pdwf&SnfcJh&if tck awGYqkHyGJNzpfaeavmufNyD
'DrSm pdwf&Snfonf;cHrIawGavsmhyg;vmaeNyD
b,folravsmhbl;vJ odvm;
wkdif0if; vefepfpwm
odyfaumif;wJhpm;yGJyJ
ta[mif; aumifpDcef; tusOf;av;xuf ykdaumif;w,f
ukd,fhtaqmifawGeJYvJ oufawmifhoufom eD;w,f
*sdrf;rf owif;bmMum;vJ
aNrmufykdif;om; ESpfaomif;ausmfu
olvGwfaewm &ufowÅywfeJYcsDaeNyDqkdwm odMuw,f
rif;rSm wpfurÇmvkH;rSm&SdwJhvlawGtm;vkH;aygif;xuf
rsm;wJh olvQdKawGowif;ay;awG&Sdw,f
'geJYvJ rif;wkdYxJu b,folYrSmrS
ol b,fa&mufaevJqkdwm rodMubl;vkdY ighudkaNymcsifwmvm;
- uGsefawmfwkdYMudK;pm;aeygw,f t&Sif - ykdMudK;pm;
uJ 'gNzifh bm&SdvJ
a&mhbfpwmhcfeJY olYtvHukdifvltawmfrsm;rsm;u
&pfAm;&ef;rSm olYtbkd; ocif a[mfpwm wlvD&JU tokbtwGufa&mufaeMuw,f
pwmhcfr&SdwJhtcsdefrSm &kpfabmfvfwGefu [m&ef[Jvfukdxdef;csKyfxm;w,f
'Dawmh olu [m&ef[Jvf&JU ocifaygh
- trnfawmhrxyfwm;bl; tNzpfaygh - olYrSm&Sdygap
emrnfqkdwm igwkdY&nf&G,fcsufawGeJY
bmrS roufqkdifwJh trIdufo&kdufawGyJ
[m&ef[Jvf&JUocif[m rkqkd;r tm&iftwGuf xkdufwefwJhcspfa&;qkdolNzpfvmvdrfhr,f
tJh'DtwGuf t&rf;udkaus;Zl;wifygw,f
av'Dtm&efeJY uGsefawmfu uav;b0uwnf;u &if;ESD;vmwmyg
olu tNrJwrf; uGsefawmfhbufukd
a&vmaNrmif;ay;vkyfwwfw,f
atmifNrifpGm vlysdKvSnfhEkdif&if
ocifbJvpf&Sf[m AJvf&JUocifygNzpfvmrSmyJ
bGJYtrnfuae bGJYtrnfawGarG;zGm;vmwmyJ
rif; tkdif&D;qDukd twwfEkdifqkH;NrefNrefoGm;
vkdifqmtm&efukd csKyfukdifEkdifatmifMudK;pm;
'gqkd&ifawmh 0HykavGi,fav;[m olYta':ukdyg
olYukdqefYusifwJhvlpm&if;xJ xnfhvkdufvkdY&NyD
tcspfppfukd wm;qD;aESmifh,Sufovkd NzpfoGm;vJ xm;ygawmh
'gayr,fh ocifbJvpf&Sf r&Sdwmu NyóemwpfcsdKUNzpfvmEkdifw,f
awmf0ifvufxyfyGJ[m
tm;vkH;twGuf aps;tMuD;qkH; yGJwpfckNzpfvmvdrfhr,f
aEG&moDu ukefNyD cufcJwJhaeYawGvmawmhr,f
o&zleJYaphpyfxm;wJholukd 'Dtwkdif; xm;cJhvkdYr&bl;
vkH;0 oabmwlw,f
tJh'gaMumifh rif;udkb@ma&;0eftNzpf cefYtyfr,f
b@ma&;0ef
tJh'grif;t&nftcsif;eJY uGufwdusr,fh ae&myJav
uGsefawmfu aiGokH;wJhae&mrSmawmh uGsrf;usifygw,f
'gayr,fhwpfoufvkH; usdusdwufcsrf;omrIu
aiGukdxdef;ausmif;zkdY uGsefawmfroif,lcJh&bl;
'Dpdefac:rIukd wef;wlnDrQNzpfatmif vkyfEkdifr,fvkdY igoHo,r&Sdygbl;
rSefw,f rSefw,f
rif;auseyfr,fxifygw,f
ighvufxJrSmom vufeuf&Sd&if olwkdY igwkdYdukdvkH;0zrf;EkdifrSmr[kwfbl;
igwkdYukdvmzrf;wkef;u rif;qDrSm vufeuf&Sdom;yJ
rSwfrdvm;awmhrodbl; igu oHMudK;cwfcHxm;&w,fav
ighvufawGom tcsKyfaESmifrcHxm;&&if
igwkdY ,SOfNydKifrIu NrefNrefNyD;oGm;rSmyJ
ighb0wpfavQmufvkH; *sdrf;vefepfpwmqkdwm
odyfawmfwJh"m;orm; 'gyJ igMum;cJh&w,f
rif;u igxifwmxufaES;wmyJ
NyD;awmh ykdvJ cefYrSef;&vG,fw,f
ig &TYHYxlwJh tcef;usOf;av;xJrSm
NyD;cJhwJhwpfESpfvkH; oHMudK;cwfcHNyD;awmh xkdifaecJh&wmav
NyD;awmh igu rdef;r rif;udkEkdifao;wmyJ
rif; ighudkEkdifaewmr[kwfygbl;
rif;u vlawGaNymovkd aumif;&if aumif;cJhrSmaygh
wpfcsdefu wpfMudrf
'grSr[kwfvlawGu emrnfMuD;wJholawGukd csJUum;csD;usL;csifMuwmNzpfr,f
igwkdY 'Dnpcef;udka&muf&if rif; rk'drf;usifhcH&vdrfhr,f
wpfcgxufurSmr[kwfbl;
'DvlawGu b,fwkef;urS rdef;rppfawGeJYaecJhzl;wmr[kwfbl;
rif;taeeJY NyefrawmfvSefwm aumif;r,f
- rvkyf&bl;vm; - olwkdY rif;udkoGm;usdK;atmifuefvdrfhr,f
ighoGm;awGukd ig*&kpkdufr,fxifaevm;
[ifhtif; rif;oGm;awGukd *&kpkdufr,fvdkY rxifygbll;
wu,fvkdY olwkdYukdoGm;wkdufckduf&if olwkdYrif;ukdowfvdrfhr,f
em;vnfvm;
wefzkd;&SdwJh tusOf;om;u ig rif; r[kwfbl;
olwkdY vkdcsifwm,lygap bmta&;MuD;vJ
- bmta&;MuD;vJ - rsufvkH;rSdwfxm;
&efavvkdoabmxm;vkduf
rif;om rdef;rqkd&if NyefrwGef;vSefbl;vm;
olwkdYvkdcsifwm ,lcGifhay;rSmvm;
igom rdef;rqkd&if olwkdY ighudkowfatmif vkyfvkdufr,f
'gayr,fh igu r[kwfbl;av
yef;yJzkd aumif;aumif;om&Sd&if topfvkdvkyfay;vkdY&w,f
vSp&mrvkdygbl;
ighESvkH;om;ukd NrSm;0ifrvmzkdYyJ 0wfwm
bmvkdY eifolYukdulnDaewmvJ
ol igwkdYukd tusOf;om;tNzpf zrf;xm;cJhw,f
rif;u tusOf;om; r[kwfygbl;
- 'gqkdbmvJ - igwkdY{nfhonf
b,folrS rif;udk oHMudK;cwfrxm;bl;av
'Dawmh uGsefrxGufoGm;vkdY&w,faygh
'DawmawGu euf'fpwmhcf&JUorD;twGuf vkHNcKHrIr&Sdbl;
igwkdYrif;ukd&SmawGYwm uHaumif;w,f
rif;ukd,frif; tJh'Dav; ypfwwfw,f xifaevm;
rif; awGYzl;wJholawGtm;vkH;xuf igykdomw,f
o&JabmaMumifwJholawG&JUvufeufyJ
iguawmh teD;uyfwkdufckduf&wm oabmusw,f
ig"m;ukdxdk;oGif;wJhtcsdefrSm olYrsufESmukdMunfhcsifw,f
bmvkdYvJ olYudkerf;vkdY&atmifvm;
aemufqkH;wpfacguf &Sif'Dukda&mufcJhwm rSwfrdvm;
Munhf&wm vrf;ay:rSmawGYorQ wpfNcm;[mawGvkdygyJ
tckawmif;yefygw,f 'gayr,fh rif;&kyfu awmfawmfqkd;awmh
igrif;rsufESmukdrMunfhcsifawmhbl;
acgif;udkowdxm;
oGm;r,f
a&SUudkavQmuf
bmvkyfaewmvJ igwkdYoGm;awmhrSmav
igaecJhrSm
bmNzpfw,f
ig tif;apmifhtwGuf aygifrkefYndK zkwfay;vkdufwm
ol 'Dxufaumif;wm wpfcgrS rpm;zl;bl;vkdYaNymw,f
okd&kduk olu wpfcsdefvkH;tvum;auGs;cJhwmawGtwGuf
Nyefay;wJhtaeeJY ighudkay;cJhzkdYaNymw,f
NyD;awmh nDtpfukdtzGJYuvkdcsifwm ighudkr[kwfbl;
ightpfukduvJ bk&ifr[kwfbl;
igu 0if;wm;[Jvfu pwmhcfvJr[kwfbl;
0if;wm;zJvfyg
- aocsm&JUvm; - aocsmygw,f
igeifhtwGufwpfckvkyfvmw,f
'gubmvJ
tJh'g 0HykavGav
tif; [kwfw,f
'gtNrDS;vm;
tif;
ab;uif;ygap
tif; eifa&myJ
"m;xkd;rcH&ygapeJY
eifvJ..
vuftylravmifygapeJY
*Gwfbkdif a[mhxfykdif;
*Gwfbkdif tm&D
oGm;r,f aumifrav;
a[; a[mxhfykdif;
wu,faumif;w,f
igwkdY ppfwkdufaewmukd arhrdwJhtwGuf
vlwpfa,mufukd cGifhvTwfvkdY&avmufygw,f
ppfyGJ&JU tarSmifrkdufqkH;&ufawGrSmawmifrS
urÇmhae&mtawmfrsm;rsm;rSm
bmrSrNzpfovkd Nidrf;csrf;aer,fvkdY awG;&wm oufawmifhoufom&Sdw,f
uGsefr &SifhukdvGrf;aewm OD;av;
tazvJ&SifhudkvGrf;aew,f
&SifxGufoGm;wJhaeYuwnf;uyJ
ol pum;vkH;awG cyfrsm;rsm; raNymwmNzpfvdrfhr,f
Nzpfvdrfhr,f
rif;tazu acgif;rmwJh EGm;MuD;yJ
olaooGm;awmh ig tHhMoaew,f
aoNcif;w&m;u onf;cHpdwfr&Sdbl;xifygw,f
&SifeJYtwl ol&Sdaewm uGsefr0rf;omygw,f
uGsefrvJ &SdaecJh&ifaumif;r,fvkYd ewfbk&m;awGqDrSmqkawmif;rdw,f
aemufqkH;awmh Nidrf;csrf;a&;&NyDvm;
ESpf 30 avmuf&efNzpftNyD;rSm
b,fu pcJhw,fqkdwm olrSwfrdawmhrSmr[kwfbl;
olu ighudk,fig ig;rnf;vkdYac:aewm &yfawmhvkdY aNymcJhw,f
tJh'g tpuwnf;u
r&,f&wJh[mowpfckygvkdYaNymw,f
vlawG ighudk ig;rnf;vkdYac:aewmMumNyD
ighemrnfukdawmif rrSwfrdMuawmhbl;
ol NrdKawmfu xGufoGm;wkdif;
wkdufckdufzkdYoGm;wkdif;
uGsefr olYudkvkdufykdYw,f
olu ighudkapmihfae
aMumifaygufav;vkdYaNymavh&Sdw,f
taz Nyefvmr,fwJh
tJh'Dus&if uGsefr 'DNyLwif;aygufuaexkdifw,f
aexGufvmwkdif; apmifhw,f
b&ef 'grSr[kwf &pfuGef;
wpfa,mufa,muf 0if;wm;zJvf&JU
aNr&kdif;uGif;wpfzufukdai;MunfhNyD;
uGsefrNyeftvmukd apmihfaecJhrvJ rodbl;
uGsefr olwkdYudk b,fawmhrS NyefawGY&awmhrSmr[kwfygbl;
'Dvkd rif; rawG;oifhbl;
igwkdYtrSefw&m;udk rodbl;
olwkdYykef;aewm NzpfEkdifw,f
a&mhbfu olwkdY touf&Sifaeao;w,fvkdY,kHaew,f
olqufvJ,koGm;rSmyJ
ol atmifEkdifr,fqkd&if pdwfckdifrmaezkdYvkdw,f
rif;uvJ olYtwGuf pdwfckdifrmay;&r,f
rif;u a&mhbfpwmhcf&JU ZeD;yJ
NidrfNidrfae
vlawGolYukdaNymMuwm trSefyJvm;
rodbl;av vlawGolYukd bmaNymMuvJ
olnus&if 0HykavGtNzpfaNymif;Ekdifw,fqkdwm
trSefyJ
NyD;awmh olY&efolawG&JUtom;udkpm;w,f
trSefyJ
rif;u vefepfpwmrsdK; r[kwfvm;
rmwif vefepfpwm
rif; bmrSaMumufp&mrvkdygbl;
igha,mufsm;u uav;awGukdrpm;ygbl;
vNynfhaeYr[kwf&ifayghav
'DnvNynfhaeYr[kwfygbl;aemf
awGYvm;
bmrSaMumufp&mrvkdbl;
tNrJwrf; tEkynm&SifawGyJ
Nrif;awGcsnf;yJ
vlrygbl;
'DrSm usD;uef;aoawG&Sdw,fqkd
&Sdw,f
vlu b,fESpfa,mufvJ
300 avmuf
tJh'DvlawGu bmawGvJodNyDvm;
igwkdYtm;vkH;u olwkdYtwGuftwlwlyJ olwkdYwyftwGuftom;awG
wpfa,mufa,mufvGwfoGm;Ekdifvm;
rNzpfEkdifwmawmhr[kwfbl;
armfrGefYeJY,SOfavmif;&if cyfa0;a0;awmh ra&mufEkdifbl;
'gayr,fh aoao&Sif&Sif
olaNrmufbufukdvmw,fqkdwm pGefYpGefYpm;pm;avmif;wmyJ
NyD;awmh ol&IH;oGm;w,f
olYtaumif;qkH;wkdufckdufa&;orm;awG aoNyD
napmifharQmfpifu olY acgif;aqmifwyfrSL;vm;
'grSr[kwf rsufvkH;Nymtavmif;vm;
ol tdrfeJYcyfa0;a0;ukda&mufaeNyD
awmfrGef;
eH&Hay:wuf
atmf&JvfeJYvlaumif; 20 ac:oGm;
NyD;awmh 'Dwpfa,mufukdac:oGm;
olu &Jwkdufeuf&JU cHppfae&mawGukd igwkdYtm;vkH;xufodw,f
wu,fvkdY oltokH;0if&ifaumif;w,f r0if&ifawmh
eH&Hay:uwGef;csvkduf
usD;uef;awGysHEkdifvm; Munfhwmaygh
aemufqkH;awmh igwkdYppfyGJwkdufMuawmhrSmvm;
&Jwkdufeufem;rSmykef;
igtcsufNywJhtcg nbufrSm0ifwkduf
olwkdYrSmykef;p&m eH&HtkdMuD;&Sdw,f
'gayr,fh wpfzufuyJ tapmifhxm;w,f
- igwkdYNyefawGYMurSmyg - tkdif;
- rif;tvkyfrif;vkyf&ifaygh
igwkdYrif; tcsufNyrIudk b,fvkdNrif&rvJ
nwkdif; rif; vif;,kefukd eH&Hay:wifvkduf
tcsdefusvm&if ig aNrmufykdif;om;awGNrifzl;wJh
tMuD;qkH;rD;ukdarT;r,f
*kdphf
'DrSm bmawGvJ usD;uef;awGcJaewmvm;
igwkdYta0;MuD;u vmcJh&wm
rif; aNrmufbufukdoGm;wkef;uxuf vltkyfu enf;ygvm;
txJrSmpum;aNymvkdY&w,fav
tkd; &w,fvm;
olwkdYa&vkdw,f
igtxJrSm&Sdaer,f
rsufvkH;awGukdxm;oifhwJhae&mrSmxm;
olwkdYu rif;twGufr[kwfbl;
tJh'D0ufawGukd olwkdYauGs;wm igwkdYudkauGs;wmxufykdaumif;vdrfhr,f
0ufu ightwGufwefzkd;&Sdw,fav
rif;udk 0ifcGifhay;wJhtwGufawmif igh aNcaxmufudkerf;aeoifhw,f
igom ewfbk&m;vkdvlr[kwf&if rif;wkdYtm;vkH;ukdausmckdif;oGm;rSm
rif;u ewfbk&m;qefwJhol
[kwfw,f igtNyifu[mawGudkraMumufbl;
tNzLa&mifat;pufrIvmwJhtcg
rif;wkdY "m;awGNcKHxnfawG rD;awGu rif;wkdYudkumuG,fEkdifrSmr[kwfbl;
ewfbk&m;eJYrSefuefwJholawGyJ usef&pfcJhrSm
wu,fhewfbk&m;awG
olYudk t0wfpwpfp ukduf&ifukdufxm;
r[kwf&if ighvufoD;udkudkufxm;vkdYoGm;aNym
rdef;rawGuawmh
tckarG;aewJh aumifru
&Spfa,mufaNrmuftrIdufo&kdufudkarG;aewm
tckqkd ol 'Daumifavmuf0aeNyd
rif;wkdY bmvkdYolYukdrpm;wmvJ
vkdoavmuf zJhpm;oGm;vkdY&wmyJ
olu vrf;avQmufaewJhnpmpm;yGJMuD;yJ
'DrSm
'gav;cGsefay;yg
acgif;Nrif&NyD
[kwfNyD
&awmhr,f
aemufwpfcsufavmufnSpfvkduf&if&NyD
tJh'gbmvJ tJh'gbmvJ
wdwfwdwfae
rif; Nrif;rpD;Ekdif&if tcGifhta&;r&SdEkdifbl;aemf
igpD;Ekdifygw,f
aocsm&JUvm;
ta&SUukd pD;oGm;
rif;nDr rif;ukdapmifhaew,f
'DtwGuf rif;udk oHuGsef;&JU ocif vkyfay;r,f
igwkdYa&mufaewm oHuGsef;r[kwfbl;
oGm;
vm vm
NyefvmcJh
rif; b,foGm;rSmvJ ighukdraNymao;bl;
uGsefr rodao;bl; rD;awGu vrf;NyrSm
- b,favmufMumrSmvJ - uGsefr rodbl;
rif; ighudkpGefYypfoGm;wm
uGsefr b,fawmhrS &SifhukdrpGefYypfbl;
&Sifu rD;&JU om;awmfyJ
- &SifhqDrSm trIxrf;zkdYopömqkdcJhNyD;om; - 'gqkdtrIxrf;av
uGsefrNyefvm&if &Sifem;vnfvmvdrfhr,f
igh&efolawGu olwkdYighudk zsufqD;NyD;NyDvkdYxifaewm
&efav ighudk&,fcJhovkd
olwkd&,faew,f
ig a*smhza&;ukdaoapcsifw,f
a&mhbfpwmhcfudkaoapcsifw,f
ightwGuf om;wpfa,mufxyfay;
rvkyfay;Ekdifbl;
bmaMumifhvJ
&SifhrSm tiftm;rNynfhpkHbl; &SifaooGm;Ekdifw,f
igu vG,fvG,feJYraoEkdifygbl; owfzkdYvlawGMudK;pm;aewm ESpfawGMumaeNyD
igrif;udkvkdcsifw,f
&Sifh rD;awG tm;avsmhaeNyD bk&ifMuD;
wpfNcm;enf;&Sdw,f ykdaumif;wJhenf;&Sdw,f
rif;&JU arSmftwwfu bk&ifhaoG;vkdw,fvkdY ighudkaNymw,f
- tif; = igu bk&ifppfppfyJ
[kwfw,f
'gayr,fh &SifhaoG;awG pD;qif;aewJh wpfNcm;olawG&Sdao;w,f
&Sif oHykv’ifay:rSmxkdif&rSmyg
'gayr,fh paw;rIawGawmhvkyf&vdrfhr,f
tvif;a&mifocifu nTefMum;xm;w,f
Nypf'PfavQmufvrf;[m owday;rIyg t&Sif
- b,foltwGufvJ - 'DuGsefawGvkyfcJhwmukdvkyfzkdY
pOf;pm;aewJh b,fuGseftwGufrqkdaygh
uGsefrukda&ay;yg
cJvufqD 'Dvlu ao'PfcscHxm;&wm
a&mh aomuf
'Dae&mu xGufoGm;yg t&Sif
'DnxGufoGm;yg awmif;yefygw,f
olu ppfom;awGtwGuf bmvkyfrSmvJ
igwkdY yifwkdeJYrkdif,mrSm tiSm;"m;orm;awG &SmvkdY&w,f
igwkdYNzpfoGm;NyDvm; qmbm&pfpwef
rif;&JU bkd;ab;awGwnfaqmufcJhwJh yv’ifay:rSmxkdifcsif&if rif;Ekdifatmifwkduf,l&r,f
tJh'g 'gawGrNyD;cif rif;vufrSm aoG;awGpGef;r,fqkdwJhoabmyJ
uGsefr &efol&JUaoG;awGyJ tNypfrJholawG&JUaoG;awGrvkdcsifbl;
cifAsm; ppfyGJb,fESpfyGJwkdufNyD;NyDvJ qmbm&pfpwef
- okH;yGJ - tNypfrJholawG axmifcsDraowJh
ppfyGJ wpfyGJavmufMuKHNyD;NyDvm;
ig wkdufyGJtNyD;rSm bk&ifhe,faNrukd a&mufcJhw,f cJvufqD
bmNrifcJhvJodvm; om;owf&kHyJ
uav;awG tbkd;MuD;awG arG;uif;pawg
rdef;rawG rk'drf;usifhcH&wm ra&wGufEkdifoavmufyJ
a,mufsm;wkdif;&JU ukd,fxJrSm raumif;qkd;0g;&Sdw,f
olYvufxJukd "m;xnfhvkduf&if aoG;uqlvmwmyJ
'gayr,fh tefqlvDawGu vlr[kwfbl;
olwkdY rk'drf;rusifhbl;
olwkdYudktrdeYfray;oa&GU b,fNrdKUukdrS "m;rrkd;bl;
olwkdYukd0,f&if rif;aoapcsifwJholyJ olwkdYowfay;vdrfhr,f
oabmrwlbl;vm; qmbm&pfpwef
rif; tpfukd a&*g x&kdif;'efYu ppfyGJukd olYppfwyfukdcsDawmh
vlawG olYukd,HkMunfvkdY cspfvkdY
olYtwGufaoMuw,f
olwkdYukd uGsefa&mif;yGJrSm0,fvmvkdYr[kwfbl;
aemufqkH;e*g;eJY twl ab;csif;,SOfwkdufvmwmyg t&Sif
ig olYab;rSm 'Pf&m&vmwmyg
a&*g &J&ihfpGmwkdufckdufw,f &kd;om;pGmwkdufckdufw,f
a&*g aooGm;w,f
&Sif olYukd aumif;aumif;odvm; qmb&pfpwef
odygw,f t&Sif Nrifzl;orQrSm taumif;qkH;vlwpfa,mufyg
uGsefroleJYodcJh&ifaumif;r,f
'gayr,fh oluaemufqkH;e*g;r[kwfygbl;
tm;vkH;vm;
uGsefrem;awG tMum;rSm;wmvm; t&Sif
rrSm;ygbl; ig tm;vkH;ukd0,frSm
olu tm;vkH;udk0,fcsifw,fwJh
ol rwwfEkdifygbl;
'Daumifru olY&ifom;awGvSpfNyvkduf&if
igwkdY olvkdcsifwmay;r,fxifaew,f
tufpwmay:rSm tefqlvD &Spfaxmif&Sdw,f
&SifaNymwJhtm;vkH;qkdwm tJh'gvm;
tif; 8000
NyD;awmh avhusifhaeqJvlawGa&m
q&m*&DZifu xuf0ufyJavhusifh&ao;wJh vlawGudkawmh ra&mif;Ekdifbl;wJh
wu,fvkdY ppfaNrNyifrSm olwkdY&IH;edrfh&if
tufpwmay:twGuf t&Suf&p&mNzpfvdrfhr,f
uGsefr tm;vkH;r&&if b,folYudkrS r&bl;
trsm;MuD;wkdufyGJrSmusqkH;vdrfhr,f
olwkdYuswJh"m;ukd aumufzkdY aumifav;awGvkdr,f
'Drdef;rysuftm;vkH;udkray;Ekdifygbl;
rmpwm ua&Zifu &SifrwwfEkdifbl;wJh
&Sifh oabmFeJYqkd tefqlvD wpf&m&r,f
'g rmpwm ua&Zifu &ufa&mvkd
usefaeao;wJh a&TawGu 10 wefw,f
'gayr,fh ua&Zifu 20 ay;r,fwJh
&SifeJYtwlygvmwJh a'gho&muDawG
olwkdYawGu olwkdYukdauGs;&wJh pm;&dwfeJYravmufbl;
'gayr,fh ua&Zifu olwkdYtm;vkH;twGuf
&Sifhukd tefqlvDokH;a,mufay;r,f
rmpwmua&Zifu &Sifhukdusefao;wJh 7877 tefqlvDawGtwGuf
b,fvkday;rvJvkdYar;w,f
uGsefr rSm e*g;awG&Sdw,f
rif; yv’ifukd e*g;awGeJYtEkdif,l&rSm uGsefawGeJYr[kwfbl; t&Sif
cJvufqD aus;Zl;NyKNyD;
e*g;okH;aumif
- wpf - ESpf
wpf
olwkdYu tMuD;qkH;aumifukdvkdcsifw,f
aumif;NyD aumif;NyD
igrif;udkvJ ac:oGm;r,f
rif;u rmpwmu&mZD&JU vufaqmifaygh
tay;t,l aumif;aumif;NyD;oGm;w,fqkdwJh txdrf;trSwf
uGsefrukd olYtwGufvufaqmifay;zkdY &SifhukdaNymw,f
tckay;vkdufygwJh
cJvufqD e*g;qkdwm b,fvkd wyfrsdK;xufrqkd ykdNyD; wefzkd;&Sdw,f
at;*Gef wm*g,ef;u oufaoNyNyD;NyD
&SifwkdYESpfa,mufvkH;u uGsefrukd tMuHay;zkdY&Sdaewm
uGsefr &SifwkdYtMuHay;wmukd wefzkd;xm;w,f 'gayr,fh olpdrf;awGa&SUrSm
aemufwpfcg uGsefrukdar;cGef;xkwf&if
&SifwkdY wpfNcm;wpfa,mufukdtMuHoGm;ay;ae&r,f
em;vnfvm;
rif;rSm emrnf&Sdvm;
'Dwpfa,mufemrnfu rpfqef'Dyg t&Sifr
rif;rSm rdom;pk&Sdvm; wu,fvkdYNyefoGm;csif&if
NyefoGm;Ekdifr,fh rdbawG
r&Sdygbl; t&Sif rdom;pk0ifawGr&Sdygbl;
tck rif;u igeJYqkdifoGm;NyD 'Dawmh rif;ighudk trSefwkdif;aNym&r,f
[kwfuJhyg t&Sifr vdrfw,fqkdwm qkd;&Gm;wJhazmufzsufrIMuD;yg
tNypfay;avQmufvrf;ay:u vltawmfrsm;rsm;u tJh'Davmufr[kwfwJh tNypfawGtwGuf a&mufaeMuwm&Sdw,f
ig tNypfay;avQmufvrf;ay:u vlwpfa,mufukd a&oGm;wkdufw,f
ol ighudkbmaNymvJodvm; igaoyg&apwJh
*lxJrSm q&m vkH;0 r&Sdygbl; t&Sifr
rmpwm ua&ZifaNymwJh tefqlvDawG taMumif;u trSefyJvm;
olwkdY&JU vkdufemrItaMumif;
olwkdYqDrSm bmar;cGef;awGrSr&Sdawmhbl;
olwkdY vkdufemw,f tJh'DavmufyJ
olwkdYukd &SifykdifNyDqkdwmeJY ykdifoGm;NyD
&Sifom trdefYay;&if olwkdY "m;ay: olwkdYypfvSJcsvdrfhr,f
rif;ua&m rif;ukdig ppfyGJukdac:oGm;r,fqkdwm odw,f
rif;qmavmifEkdifw,f zsm;emEkdifw,f
towfcH&Ekdifw,f
tif; vlwkdif;(a,mufsm;wkdif;) aorsdK;csnf;yJ
'gayr,fh igwkYdu a,mufsm;awGrSr[kwfwm
awmf0ifpm&if;awGukdxm;wJh pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;wJhae&myJ
rif; tHhMowmukd igtHhMow,f
'gNrdKUawmfrSm tvkHNcKHqkH;ae&myJ
rsdK;rppfawGtwGufawmh r[kwfbl;
'DavmufygyJ ocif
aus;Zl;yg - aygh'f
olwkdYukd tNyifo,foGm;vdkuf
- igcPae&if vmcJhr,f - [kwfuJhyg ocif
rif; tJh'Daumifav;tay:ukdtaMuG; tMuD;tus,fwifaew,fMum;w,f
ighb0wpfckwnf;yg
tJh'DavmufvJ ta&;awmhrygygbl;
olYukd ol&Jaumif;wifaNrSmufay;&rSm
b@ma&;0efu tJh'DavmuftmPm&Sd&ifaygh
&SdcJh&if
rif;tay:ig taMuG;trsm;MuD;wifaew,f
igwkdY&JU qHyifeDa&mif oli,fcsif;
rdzk&m;MuD; olYukdxdef;odrf;xm;wkef;u olYukdrif;vTwfay;cJhw,f
tJh'gvm;
'gaygh omref em;vnfrIvGJwmav;yg
Munfh&wmawmh rdzk&m;MuD;u rif;wkdYESpfa,mufMum;rSm
xl;Ncm;wJhqufqHa&;&Sdw,fvkdY ,kHMunfaew,f
r&Sdygbl; wpfcgawmh twltdyfzl;w,f
- igodygw,f - r&Sdbl;
igodw,f
'gayr,fh rdzk&m;MuD;u b,fvkdvkyf tJh'DtawG;0ifaewmvJ
rif; olYukdoGm;ar;ygvm;
ighae&mopftwGuf bmawGtMuHay;csifvJ
okdokdodyfodyfae
ighrSm tJh'D[moukdMum;wkdif;
a&Te*g;wpfaumif&&if rif;xufykd csrf;omaeavmufNyD
rif;u ighxufcsrf;omaewmyJ
rSefw,f
'gawGu eHygwfawGygyJ pm&Gufay:u eHygwfawG
tJh'gukd rif;em;vnfwmeJY olwkdYukd xdef;vkdYvG,foGm;NyD
tao;tzGJav;yg
wu,fh pdefac:rIukdvkdcsifvm;
rdef;rysufawGukd MudK;pm;Munfh
igtawmfrsm;rsm;MudK;pm;cJhzl;ygw,f
uJ tvkyfawGtrsm;MuD;&Sdygw,f
tkdif&D;ukd om,mygap
vm aemufrSvmcJhr,f
'gNzifh 'Dnaygh
pmzwf&wm ysif;p&myJaerSm
rif;u pmzwfwmrSeforQ ysif;p&mvkdYyJxifaewm
tJh'g igodcJhwJhtxJu taumif;qkH; vlawGeJY a0rQwJhtawG;tac:yg
ckESpfNynfaxmifvkH;&JU vQdKU0Suforkdif;u 'DpmtkyfawGay:rSma&;xm;wmyJ
wu,fvkdY ocif wGufbJ&'f u olwu,fwrf;bmvkyfaevJqkdwm
zkH;uG,fzkdY eHygwfawGvkyfMuHzefwD;cJh&ifawmh wpfrsdK;aygh
ol tm;vkH;ukdvkyfMuHzefwD;cJh&ifaygh tif;
- ykd'&pf vkdufcJh - [kwfuJh ocif
- ykd'&pf - [kwfuJhocif
igh&JU rdwfaqG qmb&GefeJY tMumMuD;
wdkifyifNyD;wJhaemufrSm rif;ightay:xrf;cJhwJh
wm0efawG tm;vkH;twGuf oifhawmfr,fvkdY
,lq&wJh qkvmbfukd igpOf;pm;vkdY&NyD
aNymprf;yg aygh'f
rif; rdef;rwpfa,mufeJYtwlaezl;vm;
- raezl;ygbl;ocif - odyfaumif;w,f
*sefemu yxrqkH;tawGYtMuKH&SifawG twGuf oD;oefY
'kwd,tawGYtMuKH&SifawGeJYvJ rqkd;ygbl;
ocif..
ighukdowfawmhr,fhvl&JU rsufESmukd
rif;vSHeJYxkd;ay;cJhwmtwGuf rQwwJhay;qyfrIyJr[kwfvm;
wpfvufpwnf;
rm&D
olukd,fwkdifvJ vSHukdifuGsrf;wmyJ
olu wkdufyGJNyif;xefaewJhtcsdefrSm
ighem;rSm&SdaecJhvkdY aus;Zl;qyfrvkdY
olu acsmom;yJ
olacsmw,fvkdYvJ &SifraNymygvm;
auvmu 'Duae Akdvefwpftxd
emrnfMuD;wJhae&m&Sdw,f
rm&efeDpf aemhcfukd zefwD;NyEkdifwJh
urÇmay:u rdef;rav;a,mufxJuwpfa,muf
ocif..uGsefawmf..
ol rif;udk av;pm;rItNynfh&SdwJh
vli,fwpfa,mufNzpfwJhtwGuf aus;Zl;wifzkdY
ighudk wpfcgrS ocifvdkYac:zkdYrysufuGufcJhbl;
ignaepmpm;csdeftrSDNyefvmcJh
oabm&SdyJ aumifav;
ESpfawGtMumMuD; vpfw,fvfzif;*g;[m
arSmfq&mvkdY igowif;Mum;cJhw,f
o&zlu aiGvkdwkdif; olYvufawGukdyGwfvkdufw,f
NyD;awmh a&TawmifMuD;aygufvmw,f
aNymygOD; olu arSmfq&mawmhr[kwfbl;
r[kwfbl;
- olckd;aewmvm; - ykdqkd;w,f olacs;iSm;aewm
tJh'g bmrSm;vJ
igwkdYNyefay;zkdY rwwfEkdifbl; rSm;aewm tJh'gyJ
o&zlu ightazukd oef;eJYcsDNyD; taMuG;wifaew,f
tck olYaNr; yv’ifay:xkdifaerSmawmh
oltaMuG;awGukd cGifhvTwfr,fxifwmyJ
ightazu taMuG;awGukd cGifhvTwfr,f
rif;u tawmf&kd;wmyJ
igwpfcgrS aiGracs;zl;bl;
'Dawmh pnf;rsOf;awG odyfem;rvnfbl;
taNccHtcsufuawmh
igrif;ukdaiGacs;r,f
oabmwlxm;wJh umvtykdif;tNcm; wpfckvGefoGm;&if
twkd;eJYNyefay;&w,f
wu,fvkdY ray;&ifaum
ay;&rSmyJ
wu,fvkdY ray;&ifaum
tJh'gaMumifh rif;ukdaiGracs;wmaygh
bmyJNzpfNzpf igpkd;&drfaewm ightaz r[kwfbl;
b&mAkdpf bPfyJ
olwkdYukd oef;eJYcsDtaMuG;wifaew,f
wu,fvkdY tJh'DtaMuG;awGukdNyefrqyfEkdif&if bPfu igwkYd&efolawGukdaxmufyHhvdrfhr,f
wpfenf;r[kwfwpfenf;eJY olwdkYa&TawG olwkdY&atmif Nyef,laeusyJ
atmf atmifNrifwJhol&Jaumif;MuD; NyefvmNyD
olaNcvSrf;awG ,kdifaewmvm;
aNcvSrf;awGukd rSm;aewm
rif;oGm;wm tawmfMumNyD
rif;ay;xm;wJhaiGeJY xkdufwefatmif Nyef&cJhr,fxifygw,f
'grSr[kwf ighaiGawGeJYwefatmif
tJh'g vufaqmifav ykd'&pf
rif;udk wpfESpfay;wmxufawmif rsm;ao;w,f
olu vufaxmufav olYukdray;&bl;
'gqkd&if 'g igrif;udkay;wmxuf rsm;ao;w,f
olwkdYu r,lbl; ocif
olwkdY b@ma&;0efMuD;topf qDu
bmawGrsm; arQmfukd;aevJrodbl;
a&Tay;wm Niif;wJh rdef;rysuf rif; b,fwkef;u awGYzl;vJ
ig olwkdYukday;wkef;u aysmfaysmfMuD; ,lcJhMuao;wmyJ
rif; olwkdYudk bmaNymvkdufvJ
uGsefawmf bmrSraNymygbl;
- rif; olwkdYudk bmawGvkyfcJhvJ - trsm;MuD;yJ
tJh'gawGukd olwkdY oabmuswJhykHaygufvm;
aygufygw,f ocif
'gaygh olwkdY oabmuswJhykHayguf&rSmayhg
olwkdYukd aiGay;xm;wm oabmuswJhykH aygufatmifyJav
olwkdYukd ray;cJh&wmyJ&Sdw,f
rif;bmaNymcsifwmvJ aumifrav;awGu 'Daumifhudk odyfoabmusoGm;NyD;
tvum;ay;vkdufw,fqkdwmvm;
tJh'Dvkd aNymcsifwmvm;
xkdifae ykd'&pf
igwkdY tao;pdwfodcsifw,f
vkH;0 twGif;ususaemf
vm vm
igwkdY xGufaNy;wJh aumifawGukd bmvkyfvJ odvm;
olYabmif;bDcGswfvkduf
[ifhtif; [ifhtif;
igrif;udk aNray:rSm usKH;awmhr,f
rvkyfygeJY [ifhtif;
[ifhtif; rvkyfeJY
rvkyfygeJY
rvkyfeJY rvkyfeJY
rsdK;rppfaumif
vmyg ocif
cifAsm; tdrfeJYa0;aeNyD aqmif;wGif;uvJ vmaeNyD
ig taumifMuD;MuD; aumifrMuD;ukdac:oGm;r,f
igeJY udpöNyD;&if rif;wkdY olYudkowfvkdY&NyD
ocif uGsefru wmhofu b&D,ef;yg
av'D uwfovif;u uGsefrukd
qm*sdrf;udk bk&ifhe,faNrukdykdYzkdY trdefYay;vkdufwmyg
uwfovif; pwmhcfu opömazmufryJ
igwkdYtrdefYu bk&ifowform;udk t&Sifzrf;zkdY
rif;taMumif; b,folrS bmrSraNymbl;
rif;vkyfwm ykdqdk;ukefr,f
olYudk [kdbufac:oGm; tarSmifxJukd
ig oD;oefYaecsifw,f
ol b,folvJ rif;odw,f r[kwfvm;
b,furSef;rodwJh taumifMuD;MuD;iwkH;rMuD;
'DavmufMuD;wJh rdef;r wpfcgrS rMuKHzl;bl;
olu wmhofu b&D,ef;aemf
olYtazu ocif q,fvif;wmhof
wmhofukdMum;zl;vm;
vlawGu olYukd eDvmuGsef;vkdYac:Muw,f bmaMumifvJodvm;
taemufykdif;rSm&SdorQ eDvmawGu
wmhofu xGufwmyJ
eDvmqkdwm &wemawG
tNyma&mifav;awG - tJh'g bmvJ igodygw,f
rif;om olYqD olYorD;ukdNyefay;&if
rif;ukd olYukd,ftav;csdefeJY nDwJh eDvmawGay;vdrhfr,f
'gayr,fholtouf&SifrS
olY *kPfodu©mvJ rysufrS
olYukd 'DNyefac:vmcJh
[kwfuJh ocif
xprf;
vm rwfwyf&yf
*kPfrxdckdufrS
rnId;EGrf;rS
vlwwftwGuf pum;twwfawGaygh
ig uav;b0u pmzwf&rSm odyfysif;w,f
'gayr,fh ightazu reufwkdif; ighukd pmawGzwfckdif;w,f
ig Nrif; 'grSr[kwf "m;ravhusifhcifwkdif;
arpwm&JU tcef;aqmifawGxJrSm wpfaeYudk av;em&D
ig pum;tqef;awG trsm;MuD; wwfvmwmaygh
wwfvmrSm aocsmygw,f
rif;taz
rif;ukdNyefykdY&if olua&m rif;tav;csdefeJY pufwJh a&TawGay;rSmvm;
rif; aowJhtxdcsrf;omoGm;r,f
rif;om;awGvJ csrf;omr,f
olwkdY om;awGyg csrf;omr,f
aNr bGJY
tm;vkH;&r,f
aNrmufykdif;awGu 'DppfyGJudkrEkdifEkdifbl;
rif;u yg;eyfwJholyJ rif;odrSmyg
igwkdYrSm vltiftm;&Sdw,f a&T&Sdw,f
[kwfw,f rif;wkdYrSm ESpfrsdK;vkH;&Sdw,f
&IH;r,faocsmw,fqkdwm od&uf qufwkdufaewm
oabmusp&myg
atmifEkdifr,fqkdwmukd od&ufeJY
wkdufwmuawmh ykdtusdK;&Sdwmaygh
'gukdawmh Niif;&cufygw,f
tck igwkdYa,mufsm;csif; a,mufsm;pum;aNymaewm
ighukd 'DtyifrSm qufcsnfxm;zkdYvkdtyfvm;
ighudk vkH;0 aNzay;zkdYaNymwm r[kwfygbl;
'gayr,fh vSJtdyfvkdY&rvm;
ighausmukef;u awmif;qkdwmyg
t&ifuavmuf ri,fawmhbl;
tMurf;rcHEkdifawmhbl;av
b,folrS 'Dvkdr[kwfawmhygbl;
qm*sdrf;rfukd MudK;Nznfay;vkduf
vmMu
rif; pm;p&mwpfckckvJ vkdcsifrSmayhg
ig tawmfqmaeNyD
rD;zkday:rSm qefNyKwfawG&Sdw,f
ig qefNyKwfMudKufw,f
'Dbufukd Muufuifa&m "m;yg,lvmcJh
'g pm;yGJtNzpfokH;vkdY&rvm; ocif
tif; 'Davmufqkd&if
ikwfay:wifvkduf
rif;udk,frif; odyfvnfvSNyD yg;eyfvSNyDxifaew,fvm;
touf&Sif&uf&SdwJhol rSeforQ
rif;udk OD;nGwftav;NyK rif;zdeyfukdvsuf&r,fvm;
- ightaz - NyD;awmh rif; b,fvkd NyóemMuKHMuKH
ightazvkdY wvkduf&kHyJ
rif;NyóemawGtm;vkH;aNyvnfoGm;r,f
rif; bmaNymcsifvJ
owdxm;aemf pum;rSm;vkdYrNzpfbl;
rif;u rif;taz r&Sd&if tvum;yg
rif;tazuvJ 'DrSmr&Sdbl;
tJh'gukd b,fawmhrS rarheJY
'geJYqkd&ifawmh rif;arhrSmr[kwfygbl;